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STUDII // Afacerea de miliarde a suplimentelor alimentare prezintă un RISC MAJOR pentru sănătate. Substanţele interzise găsite în acestea

Știri 18.10.2018 09:02 Vizualizări2997 Autor: Ziarul National
STUDII // Afacerea de miliarde a suplimentelor alimentare prezintă un RISC MAJOR pentru sănătate. Substanţele interzise găsite în acestea sursa: descopera.ro


Într-un nou studiu de amploare efectuat în Statele Unite, s-a scos la iveală că în aproape toate cazurile (98%), erau prezente ingredientele potenţial periculoase care nu au primit aprobare şi care nu erau trecute pe etichetă.

Din 2007 până în 2016, cele mai multe avertismente transmise de Food and Drug Administration (FDA) din SUA au fost pentru suplimentele care îmbunătăţesc performanţele sexuale (46%), în timp ce produsele pentru slăbit au fost citate în 41% de avertismente. Multe din restul de 12% au fost avertismente pentru suplimentele care cresc masa musculară, scrie Medical Xpress.

„În ultimul deceniu, de când am început să urmărim problema, am văzut doar o creştere a numărului de suplimente influenţată şi de creşterea rapidă a consumului de droguri”, a precizat Pieter Cohen, de la Cambridge Health Alliance şi profesor la Harvard Medical School din Boston.

„În 2009, erau mai puţin de 150 de produse care conţineau droguri. Acum este clar că sunt circa 1.000 de suplimente alimentare care conţin substanţe interzise”, a adăugat acesta.

Cohen este autorul unui editorial care acompaniază noua analiză, care a fost publicată pe 12 octombrie în JAMA Network Open. Studiul a fost condus de Madhur Kumar de la California Department of Public Health.

Echipa lui Kumar a găsit că mai mult de jumătate dintre adulţii din SUA iau în mod uzual o formă de supliment alimentar, iar industria suplimentelor are vânzări anuale de 35 de miliarde de dolari. FDA a avertizat în mai multe rânduri că suplimentele nu sunt un înlocuitor pentru medicamente şi nu trebuie văzute ca o metodă de a trata sau preveni bolile.

Agenţia clasifică suplimentele alimentare - precum vitaminele, mineralele, aminoacizii ş. a. - ca alimente şi nu medicamente, iar această distincţie este foarte importantă.

„Suplimentele sunt abordate diferit faţă de medicamente. Ultima categorie este verificată de FDA, în timp ce prima nu este şi nu necesită prezentarea la agenţie a niciunei dovezi de siguranţă sau eficienţă înainte să fie vândute la consumatori”, a adăugat Cohen.

Noul studiu a inclus analizarea datelor culese pe o durată de un deceniu care poartă numele de „Tainted Products Marketed as Dietary Supplements” (produsele contaminate comercializate ca suplimente alimentare).

Aproape 800 de avertismente au fost date în timpul perioadei de analiză pentru suplimentele realizate de 147 de companii, deşi au existat cazuri în care un produs a avut mai multe avertismente. Circa 20% dintre avertismente au fost în cazul suplimentelor cu mai mult de un ingredient interzis. Spre exemplu, Sildenafil (Viagra) a fost un ingredient care s-a întâlnit în aproape jumătate dintre avertismentele cu privire la suplimentele care îmbunătăţesc performanţele sexuale.

Sibutramina - un ingredient care inhibă apetitul şi care a fost scos din comerţ în 2010 din cauza riscurilor cardiovasculare - a fost citat în aproape 85% dintre cazurile de suplimente de pierdere în greutate.

Printre suplimentele pentru masă musculară, steroizii sintetici sau substanţele similare steroizilor au fost cauza pentru aproape 90% din timp.

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